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We highly regard the Lord Buddha to be our ultimate refuge without reservation – with the knowledge that He was only human – because of His extreme wisdom, His understanding of how to eliminate the de

We regard the Lord Buddha as our ultimate refuge due to His wisdom and compassion. His teachings guide us towards eliminating defilements and achieving Nibbana. The chapter discusses the misconception

The Five Precepts That Parents Should Know Teaching their children to abide by the Five Precepts is the utmost important responsibility of parents to help counteract social deterioration. However, be

Teaching children the Five Precepts is essential for parents to combat social decline. Parents must first understand the meaning of a precept, its connection to human nature, and the consequences of n

3. Purify the mind: Keep one's mind bright and clear all the time, while inhaling and exhaling. If a person inhales and does not exhale, that person's life will come to an end. Death bears no sign of

This text emphasizes the importance of maintaining a clear and bright mind through inhalation and exhalation. It explains how a person's mental state can determine their spiritual fate in the afterlif

"In order to differentiate between need and want, our ancestors trained themselves by practicing austerity on every Buddhist Holy Day. Many teaching monks say that if a person wants to experience such

The text explores how practicing austerity on Buddhist Holy Days helps individuals distinguish between needs and wants. By practicing under a long-handed umbrella and wearing white clothes, one cultiv

which ended conclusively with a UN-mandated cease-fire and eventually a return to the status quo, made it very clear that neither country could break the balance of power. By removing Saddam Hussein,

This text discusses the significant changes in the balance of power in the Middle East following the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq and the subsequent rise of Iranian influence in the region. The removal o

but set aside its criticism when this was in its interest. It was never in agreement with the United States and sought other allies, but never became so antagonistic as to provoke a strong American re

The text explores the evolving relationship between Syria and the United States, highlighting key moments such as the leadership transition from Hafez al-Assad to Bashar al-Assad, the impact of the Ir

tember 2007 Israeli bombing of what Israelis claim was a suspicious facility in Syria. But the issue of Israel’s nuclear weapons is perennially off the table. The United States, along with most other

This text discusses the complex dynamics of nuclear proliferation in the Middle East, particularly focusing on Israel's alleged nuclear capabilities and Iran's nuclear program. It highlights the risks

"choose your own future and win your freedom."2 To make matters worse, in September 2006 the U.S. Congress passed the Iran Freedom Support Act, which imposed mandatory sanctions on entities that suppl

The text discusses Iran's unwavering commitment to its nuclear program, spurred by various factors, including U.S. sanctions, the Iraq war, and surging oil prices. Despite hints of military action fro

The weakness of the secular opposition is not entirely of its own making. Arab authoritarian and semi-authoritarian regimes—many of which have been ruling their societies in the name of secular ideolo

In Arab societies, secular opposition has struggled against longstanding authoritarian regimes that repress liberal ideologies, while conservative social attitudes limit their political expression. A

retrenchment into a more ideological posture by a movement that has sought, but has so far been denied, a legitimate political role. The adoption and subsequent abandonment of the freedom agenda broug

The text discusses the complexities faced in promoting democracy in Arab nations, highlighting the influence of incumbent regimes resistant to political reform. It notes that, despite potential allies

failed to attract a substantial following. Finally, the growing importance of Hizbollah in Lebanon is probably another factor. Hizbollah has become not only a domestic player capable of paralyzing the

This text analyzes the socio-political dynamics affecting Shi’a Muslims in the Middle East, highlighting their status in various countries, including Iran, Iraq, and Bahrain. While Hizbollah has estab

But it is impossible to turn back the clock to more propitious circumstances. The biggest tension—between integrating Hamas and denying the movement its proclaimed goal of destroying Israel—can only b

The text discusses the challenges of integrating Hamas while managing its actions against Israel. It stresses the importance of regional pressures and U.S. support for a unified Palestinian government

Notes 1. See International Crisis Group report, Dealing With Iran’s Nuclear Program, November 2004. 2. See http://usinfo.state.gov/xarchives/display.html?p=texttrans-english&y=2007&m=April&x=200704181

This text discusses various reports and publications relevant to the geopolitical issues in the Middle East, with a specific focus on Iran's nuclear program, negotiations involving al-Qaddafi, and the

and is ‘spiritually reborn’. The dhammakāya becomes her new identity as the milk nourishes her spiritually. It is something she is given as a verbal teaching. To add the material from the Apadānas is

This text delves into the doctrine of dhammakāya, representing a new spiritual identity that arises from teachings, akin to nourishment from milk. It connects the concepts found in the Agañña-sutta, i

**43** This is, perhaps, as Eliade observes, ‘for the Buddha, one can be ‘saved’ only by attaining nirvāṇa - that is, by going beyond the plane of profane human experience and re-establishing the plan

Eliade suggests that for the Buddha, salvation comes through attaining nirvāṇa, transcending the mundane aspects of human life and entering an unconditioned state. This transformation entails a metaph

refer to something which 'transforms' the person into noble states, so that itself is comparable to the creator. At the same time, it must refer also to the shared or same kind of qualities or essence

This text delves into the concept of transformation in Buddhist philosophy, specifically through the Noble Eightfold Path. It highlights how this path aids in the eradication of defilements, enabling

The parallel usage of dhammakāya and dhammabhūta with brahmakāya and brahmmabhūta suggests further that the term dhamma in the passage should refer to Nibbāna. Indeed, it is possible also to say that

This study delves into the concepts of dhamma and Nibbāna, positing that dhamma refers to transcendental dhamma, which serves as a transformer and defilement eradicator. It explores how the realizatio

related also to the happiness arisen from the realisation of truths, as mentioned in the previous verse. In verse 33, Gotami is said to have been fed on the ‘dhamma-milk.’105 Because it is fed to her

The concept of dhamma-milk represents spiritual nourishment derived from the Buddha's teachings, leading to inner peace and realization of truths. Gotami's declaration signifies the transition from ph

ญ๊ษัททําสําทัดะสา adigatạ: that the Lord attained. Imam dhammakāyăm buddharakkhaṇam: the body of Dhamma (dhammakāya) is the property (lakhana) of the Lord Buddha. Yogāvacarapputanna: the practitioners

ในเนื้อหานี้กล่าวถึงการบรรลุของพระเจ้าพุทธเจ้าและการปฏิบัติธรรมอย่างจริงจังเพื่อนำไปสู่การเข้าถึงนิพพาน โดยมีการเน้นถึงความสำคัญของการทบทวนและสวดบทสวดเพื่อกราบไหว้พระ. พุทธศาสนิกชนถูกกระตุ้นให้ถือปฏิบ

In this paper I explore the connections between An Shigao and the introduction of the Indian Buddhist meditation technique of mindfulness breathing meditation, or ānāpānasmṛti, into Eastern Han China.

This paper examines An Shigao's role in introducing the Indian mindfulness breathing meditation technique, ānāpānasmṛti, into Eastern Han China. The phrase「息中具有四大。 而心在中」suggests that the mind should f